Drug Type: Beta-blocker

Propranolol

Propranolol is a beta-blocker used to treat heart rhythm disorders and other heart or circulatory conditions in poultry.

Do not combine with licorice supplements or natural licorice as it inhibits the metabolism of propranolol, increasing drug exposure.

Atropine: Propranolol may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Atropine.
Calcium gluconate: The therapeutic efficacy of Propranolol can be decreased when used in combination with Calcium gluconate.
Calcium lactate: The therapeutic efficacy of Propranolol can be decreased when used in combination with Calcium lactate.
Carprofen: Carprofen may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Propranolol.
Enalapril: Propranolol may increase the hypotensive activities of Enalapril.
Epinephrine:Propranolol may decrease the bronchodilatory activities of Epinephrine.
Fish oil: Propranolol may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Fish oil.
Ginkgo biloba:Ginkgo biloba may increase the bradycardic activities of Propranolol.
Magnesium sulfate: Propranolol may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Magnesium sulfate.
Meloxicam: Meloxicam may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Propranolol.
Niacin: The metabolism of Propranolol can be decreased when combined with Niacin.

Baghbanzadeh, Ali, et al.. Intralateral hypothalamic area injection of isoproterenol and propranolol affects food and water intake in broilers Journal of Comparative Physiology A 196 (2010)
Kuo, Alice Y., et al.. Differential cardiovascular effects of pharmacological agents in chickens selected for high and low body weight Physiology & behavior 74.4-5 (2001)
Crossley, Dane, and Jordi Altimiras. Ontogeny of cholinergic and adrenergic cardiovascular regulation in the domestic chicken (Gallus gallus). American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 279.3 (2000)
Nakamura, Y., H. Nishimura, and M. C. Khosla. . Vasodepressor action of angiotensin in conscious chickens American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 243.3 (1982)