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Arizonosis
Other Names: Arizona Infection, Avian Arizonosis
Arizonosis is a septicemic disease of primarily young chicks caused by the bacterium Salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae (S. arizonae). The disease can be acute or chronic and occurs worldwide, wherever flocks are raised.
S. arizonae has the ability to elaborate endotoxins, resulting in inflammation in multiple organs most notably in the yolk sac, brain, eye, ceca, and bloodstream of young birds.
Transmission
S. arizonae is an egg-transmitted disease, meaning infected adult breeding birds are usually carriers which spread the bacteria to their young through their eggs. Rodents, wild birds, and reptiles can also transmit S. arizonae into the environment.
Case 1: Otitis interna in a Turkeys Otitis interna was diagnosed in five 9-to-21-day-old turkey poults with clinical signs of paralysis, opisthotonus, torticollis, blindness, and increased mortality. Gross and microscopic lesions in the poults included omphalitis, typhlitis, hepatitis, meningoencephalitis, ophthalmitis, neuritis and ganglionitis of the vestibulocochlear nerve, and otitis interna. Salmonella enterica arizonae was isolated from the brains, eyes, intestines, yolk sacs, and livers of poults. Birds with otitis interna also had meningoencephalitis. It is most likely that the S. enterica arizonae infection spread from the brain to the internal ears through the vestibulocochlear nerve. Ref
Isolate the bird from the flock and place in a safe, comfortable, warm location (your own chicken "intensive care unit") with easy access to water and food. Limit stress. Call your veterinarian.
Antibiotics
Probiotics and prebiotics
Added to diet
H Al-Khalaifa et al., 2019; A Wolfenden et al., 2007
Thyme (Thymus vulgari) extract
5 mg dried extract/mL (0.5% TVAE),
V Elmi et al., 2020
Tumeric (Curcuma longa)
0.1% in the feed
D Hernandez-Patlan et al., 2019; K Varmuzova et al., 2015
Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera)
0.5% of diet
K Divua et al., 2015
Fermenting feed
Helps chickens become less susceptible to Salmonella infection.
